VENOUS THROMBOSIS and PHLEBITIS

When a blood clot forms in a vein, it is called a thrombosis. In principle there are three reasons for developing a thrombosis;

1. The blood is abnormal and more likely to clot (thick blood)
2. The vein lining is abnormal, and doesn't stop clotting from occurring (abnormal vein)
3. The flow of the blood through the veins is reduced (stagnant blood clots).

The following factors are linked to thrombosis

There has been a lot of interest in the risks of thrombosis during long distance flights recently leading to a lot of anxiety. There is a shortage of scientific facts here so it is difficult to be precise about the risk. The risk has probably been overstated but does exist. The sensible approach is to take reasonable precautions but it is not necessary to avoid flying unless your medical advisor specifically recommends this course of action.

Keep yourself well hydrated during the flight, do what exercises you can (ankle movements in particular), wear loose clothing but firmer support type stockings, and take a small dose of aspirin (75mgs) if you are able to.


DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT)

If the deep veins develop a thrombosis (clot) this is called a DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis). This causes the leg to swell and become painful. It is important to have this correctly diagnosed since treatment to stop the clot enlarging may be necessary, which involves thinning the blood with heparin and warfarin. The deep veins of the leg may be damaged by the thrombosis and fail to work normally after a DVT. Wearing support stockings after a DVT has been shown to reduce this problem.


PHLEBITIS

A thrombosis in the superficial, “surface”, veins leads to phlebitis. The affected vein(s) become inflamed (red), swollen, hard and painful. The condition usually resolves over 4 - 8 weeks. Painkillers, a supportive bandage or tubigrip may help. If it is severe and extensive seek medical advice.